ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an optimized primary drug screen model of neuronal differentiation using P19 embryonal carcinoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The final concentration of retinoid acid (RA), days of suspension culture, manner of adherent culture, suitable cell density and adherent culture medium were tested, respectively. Two stages of neuronal differentiation were examined based on morphological changes and immunocytochemistry analysis of neuronal specific protein β-tubulin III.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>On d 8 of differentiation culture, neuron-like cells were observed with final concentration of 1 μmol/L RA. Neuron-like network was formed on d 16 of neuronal differentiation. β-tubulin III was positively stained on both stages, indicating P19 cells were differentiated into neurons.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The model using RA to induce P19 embryonic carcinoma cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells has been successfully established, which may provide a rapid, phenotypic cell-based platform for primary screening of neurogenesis-promoting drugs.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Cell Culture Techniques , Cell Differentiation , Physiology , Cell Line , Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Neurogenesis , Neurons , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Phenotype , Tretinoin , Pharmacology , Tubulin , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the antitumor activity of a novel class of 4, 8-Disubstituted-8, 9-dihydropyrazine[2, 3-g]quinazoline-7(6H)-ketones in vitro, and to screen potential anticancer compounds for further study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen compounds of 4, 8-Disubstituted-8, 9-dihydropyrazine[2, 3-g]quinazoline-7(6H)-ketones were synthesized with solid-phase method for biological evaluation of EGFR tyrosine kinase. MTT method was used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity in vitro against three human cancer cell lines (human lung carcinoma cell line A549, human leukemia cell lines K562 and human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compound 7-13 and 7-14 showed potent antitumor activities against A549 cells, with IC(50) values of 8.10 and 8.12 mol/L, respectively. Eight compounds showed proliferative inhibition effect on K562 cells, especially 7-2, 7-13 and 7-17, with IC(50) values of 2.22,0.57 and 7.20 mol/L,respectively.And compound 7-13 and 7-3 showed potent antitumor activity against SGC7901 cells, with IC(50) values of 4.20 and 9.71 mol/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The synthesized compounds 4, 8-Disubstituted-8, 9-dihydropyrazine[2, 3-g] quinazoline-7(6H)-ketones show inhibition effects on human cancer cell lines in vitro. Compound 7-13 has anticancer activity in all three cancer cell lines, which might be used as a potential antitumor drug for further study.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , K562 Cells , Lung Neoplasms , Pathology , Molecular Structure , Pyrazines , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Quinazolines , Chemistry , Pharmacology , ErbB Receptors , Stomach Neoplasms , Pathology , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the transcription of cytoskeleton protein genes in differentiation of neurons from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid (RA), and to explore the possibility of setting up a method to screen small molecules with promoting or inhibiting effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hanging drop method was employed for embryonic body formation to mimic embryo development in vivo. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to investigate mRNA expression of the neuron-specific cytoskeleton proteins including Mtap2, Nefm and beta-tubulin III which were regarded as the inducing effect indexes of RA. Morphological evaluation and immunocytochemistry staining were conducted to identify the neural derivatives. Moreover, the inducing effects of six synthetic molecules were further evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>RA up-regulated the mRNA expression of Mtap2 and Nefm, especially Mtap2 increased by 1.27 times, which was consistent with the morphological alteration. However, there was no significant changes of beta-tubulin III expression. With addition of the six synthetic molecules, the transcription of Mtap2 was inhibited, while the Nefm mRNA expression was up-regulated in some degree, especially for molecule 1 and 3 that was increased by 1.4 and 1.2 times, which, however, was not parallel to the morphological changes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The transcriptional levels of Mtap2 and Nefm are both up-regulated in the RA-induced differentiation of ES cells towards neurons. The up-regulation of Mtap2 is consistent with the morphological alteration, which might be the key landmark in the RA-induced differentiation of ES cells into neurons.</p>